Richard Stiennon made a highly controversial prediction: intrusion detection systems (IDS) would be obsolete in a few years. In 2003, Richard made a bold prediction that IDS systems would be subsumed into the firewall. The bold prediction drew criticism from many sides and particularly from the vendor community. Today, Mr. Stiennaons prediction was largely right. Much of the initial IDS functionality was subsumed by the firewall and many pivoted to IPS. Network-based detection needs new innovation, and as a result innovation generally stalled.”]