Cyber attacks can be broken down into two broad types: attacks where the goal is to disable the target computer or knock it offline. These attacks may render the computer or network inoperable, or grant the attacker root access so they can control the system remotely. Phishing is a technique by which cybercriminals craft emails to fool a target into taking some harmful action. Ransomware is a form of malware that encrypts a victim’s files, and demands a ransom from the victim.”]