Microsoft has released a tool to patch Windows 10 and Windows Server installation images with the latest Microsoft Defender updates. The tool can be used to manually update WIM or VHD Windows install images with input Defender update packages. Microsoft Defender packages applied using this tool include monthly updates and fixes, as well as the latest security intelligence update. The tool comes with support for the following OS installation images: Windows 10 (Enterprise, Pro, and Home editions), Windows Server 2019, and Windows server 2016.
Source: https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/microsoft-now-provides-defender-updates-for-windows-install-images/