TL;DR
TrueCrypt is no longer actively maintained and has known security vulnerabilities. While it was strong, modern alternatives like VeraCrypt (its direct successor) offer better security features and ongoing support. Using TrueCrypt today carries significant risk. This guide explains why and what to do instead.
Understanding the Situation
TrueCrypt was a popular free disk encryption software. However, development stopped in 2014. Audits revealed vulnerabilities (though not necessarily exploited) and the project’s future is uncertain. It’s generally considered unsafe to start using TrueCrypt for new data now.
Why TrueCrypt Isn’t Secure Anymore
- No Updates: The biggest issue is lack of security patches. New threats emerge constantly, and without updates, your encryption becomes weaker over time.
- Audited Vulnerabilities: While not all vulnerabilities found were actively exploited, they exist and could be used by attackers.
- Project Uncertainty: The original developers disappeared, leaving no clear path for security improvements or bug fixes.
What About Existing TrueCrypt Volumes?
If you already have data encrypted with TrueCrypt:
- Migrate to VeraCrypt: This is the most important step. VeraCrypt is a fork of TrueCrypt, created by some of the original developers, and actively maintained. It’s designed to be compatible with existing TrueCrypt volumes.
- Consider Re-Encrypting: For maximum security, re-encrypt your data using VeraCrypt’s stronger algorithms (see Step 3). This is time-consuming but provides the best protection.
Migrating to VeraCrypt – A Step-by-Step Guide
- Download and Install VeraCrypt: Get it from the official website. Make sure you download the correct version for your operating system (Windows, macOS, Linux).
- Open VeraCrypt: Run the application as an administrator.
- Select a Volume to Mount: In VeraCrypt, click ‘Select File’ or ‘Select Device’. Browse to and choose your TrueCrypt volume file (.tc or .hc file).
- Mount the Volume: Assign a drive letter (e.g., Z:) and enter your TrueCrypt password. Click ‘Mount’. The volume should now appear as a new drive in your operating system.
- Verify Access: Check that you can access the files within the mounted volume to confirm everything is working correctly.
- Convert the Volume (Optional but Recommended): VeraCrypt offers conversion tools. Click ‘Tools’ -> ‘Convert Disk/Volume’. Follow the on-screen instructions. This will update the header to a VeraCrypt format, improving security and compatibility.
Warning: Back up your volume before converting!
Improving Security with VeraCrypt
VeraCrypt offers several improvements over TrueCrypt:
- Stronger Encryption Algorithms: Use AES, Serpent, or Twofish. Consider using a combination for added security.
- Hidden Volumes: Create volumes within volumes to provide plausible deniability.
- Keyfiles: Add keyfiles (arbitrary files used as part of the encryption process) for increased password strength.
Command Line Examples (Advanced Users)
While VeraCrypt is primarily GUI-based, some command line options are available.
- Mount a volume:
veracrypt -t /path/to/volume.tc Z: - Dismount a volume:
veracrypt -d Z:
Note: These are basic examples; consult the VeraCrypt documentation for more options.
Alternatives to VeraCrypt
If you prefer other solutions, consider these:
- BitLocker (Windows): Built-in encryption tool for Windows Pro and Enterprise editions.
- FileVault (macOS): Apple’s full disk encryption solution.
- LUKS/dm-crypt (Linux): Standard disk encryption system for Linux distributions.