TL;DR
Yes, it’s possible to encrypt almost all internet traffic from a smartphone, but it requires effort and understanding. Modern smartphones have strong encryption capabilities built-in, but they aren’t always enabled by default or cover every app. This guide explains how to maximise your phone’s security.
1. Understand What Needs Encrypting
Not all smartphone traffic is the same. Here’s a breakdown:
- HTTPS Traffic (Web Browsing, some Apps): This uses TLS/SSL encryption and is generally secure if you see a padlock icon in your browser.
- VPN Traffic: Encrypts all traffic routed through the VPN server.
- App-Specific Traffic: Many apps use their own encryption methods, which vary in strength. Some may not encrypt at all.
- SMS Messages: Traditionally unencrypted (though RCS is changing this).
- Phone Calls: Traditionally unencrypted (VoLTE and end-to-end encrypted calling apps are exceptions).
2. Enable HTTPS Everywhere
While most websites now support HTTPS, some older ones don’t. A browser extension like ‘HTTPS Everywhere’ forces a secure connection whenever possible.
- Android: Available via F-Droid or alternative app stores as Google Play Store no longer hosts it.
- iOS: Not directly available, but Safari generally handles HTTPS upgrades automatically. Check browser settings for ‘Always use secure connections’.
3. Use a Reputable VPN
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) encrypts all your internet traffic and routes it through a server in another location.
- Choose Carefully: Research VPN providers thoroughly. Look for those with strong privacy policies, no-logs guarantees, and independent audits.
- Install & Connect: Download the VPN app from your app store (or provider’s website) and connect to a server.
- Kill Switch: Ensure the VPN has a ‘kill switch’ feature that blocks internet access if the VPN connection drops, preventing unencrypted data leakage.
4. Secure Messaging Apps
Use end-to-end encrypted messaging apps for sensitive communications.
- Signal: Highly recommended; open-source and widely respected.
- WhatsApp: End-to-end encryption is enabled by default, but owned by Facebook (Meta).
- Telegram: Encryption isn’t end-to-end by default – you must use ‘Secret Chats’.
5. Encrypted Calling
For voice calls, consider apps offering end-to-end encryption.
- Signal: Also provides secure voice and video calling.
- WhatsApp: Secure calls are available.
6. Check App Permissions
Review the permissions granted to each app on your phone.
- Android: Go to Settings > Apps > [App Name] > Permissions. Revoke unnecessary permissions.
- iOS: Go to Settings > Privacy > [Permission Type] and review which apps have access.
7. Consider a Custom ROM (Advanced)
For advanced users, installing a custom ROM like LineageOS can provide greater control over your phone’s security features.
- Warning: This voids your warranty and requires technical expertise.
- Benefits: Often includes privacy-focused enhancements and allows you to disable unwanted services.
8. Regularly Update Your Phone
Software updates often include security patches that address vulnerabilities.
- Enable Automatic Updates: Configure your phone to automatically download and install updates whenever they are available.
9. SMS Encryption (Limited)
Traditional SMS is insecure. Options for encryption are limited:
- RCS Messaging: Newer messaging standard offering end-to-end encryption, but requires both sender and receiver to support it.
- Third-Party Apps: Some apps offer encrypted SMS sending/receiving (e.g., Signal).