Trend Micro published a report on the Russian underground market, the document written by Max Goncharov analyzed the services and the products marketed by cyber criminals. The study is based on data obtained from the analysis of online forums and services attended by Russian hackers. The top 10 activities included software designing, spam and flooding services, hacking, server sales and hosting, denial-of-service attacks, pay-per-install services for downloads and traffic, file encryption, malware, and exploit writing. The Russian underground is famous for its organization, a shadow economy that is service-oriented and resembles real-world businesses in the way it sells products to others.”]