DICOM files can be crafted to contain CT and MRI scan imaging data and potentially dangerous PE executables. These types of files are known as “polyglot files”” which can contain two streams of data containing different file formats. The files resulting from embedding a malicious component within a DicOM imaging document “”which intertwine executable malware with patient information”” are called by Cylera PEDICOM file structure. The PE files cannot actually be used to attack healthcare systems on their own
Source: security