Moscow-based zero-day exploit seller Vitaliy Toropov e-mailed Italian spyware company Hacking Team asking for $30,000 to $45,000 for Adobe Flash exploit. The Russian vendor offered to test the exploit, and the Italian company agreed to pay him $20,000 and $15,000 each month. The two parties then exchanged encrypted messages and e-mails. Ars reviewed the chain of emails that offer a rare look into exactly how new security vulnerabilities get sold to companies.”]