Home Security Cameras: Are They Safe?

TL;DR

Unbranded home security cameras often have weaker cyber security than well-known brands. This means they’re easier to hack, potentially letting someone watch your live feed or access your network. You can improve their security with strong passwords, regular updates, and careful network setup.

Improving Home Security Camera Cyber security

1. Check the Manufacturer (If Possible)
   • Even if ‘unbranded’, there’s usually a company making it. Look for contact details on the camera itself, packaging or in the app.
   • Search online for reviews of that manufacturer – are there reports of security issues?
2. Change the Default Password – Immediately!

   This is the most important step. Default passwords are widely known and easily guessed.

   • Find the password change option in the camera’s app or web interface.
   • Create a strong password: at least 12 characters, with a mix of upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols (e.g., P@$$wOrd123). Avoid personal information like birthdays or names.
3. Update the Firmware

   Firmware is the software that runs the camera. Updates often include security fixes.

   • Check for updates in the camera’s app or web interface. Do this regularly (at least monthly).
   • If automatic updates aren’t available, visit the manufacturer’s website to download and install them manually.
4. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

   If your camera app offers 2FA, use it! This adds an extra layer of security.

   • 2FA usually involves a code sent to your phone or generated by an authenticator app.
5. Network Security – Isolate Your Cameras

   Putting cameras on a separate network (a ‘guest network’) limits the damage if one is hacked.

   • Guest Network: Most routers have a guest network option. Use this for your security cameras and other IoT devices.
   • Static IP Address: Assigning a static IP address to each camera can help with monitoring and control. This is usually done in your router’s settings. Example (may vary by router):

     192.168.1.100

6. Disable UPnP

   Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) can automatically open ports on your router, which is a security risk.

   • Log into your router’s settings.
   • Find the UPnP setting (usually under Advanced Settings or Security).
   • Disable it. You may need to manually configure port forwarding if required for camera access – but only do this if you understand the risks.
7. Check Camera Permissions

   Review what permissions the camera app has on your phone.

   • Limit unnecessary permissions (e.g., location access if it doesn’t need it).
8. Monitor Network Traffic (Advanced)

   Tools like Wireshark can show you what data your cameras are sending and receiving.

   • This requires technical knowledge to interpret the results. Look for unusual activity or connections to unknown servers.