Bluetooth Keyboard Security: Risks & Fixes

TL;DR

Using a Bluetooth or wireless keyboard near the device it’s connected to *can* be risky, as someone could potentially intercept your keystrokes. This guide explains how those risks work and what you can do to protect yourself.

Understanding the Risks

Bluetooth keyboards communicate wirelessly with your computer or phone. While encrypted, this communication isn’t always perfect, especially with older devices or weak security settings. Someone nearby could try to ‘listen in’ on that signal and capture what you type – think passwords, credit card details, personal messages. Wireless keyboards using radio frequency (RF) are generally less secure than Bluetooth.

How an Attack Might Work

An attacker would need specific equipment (a software-defined radio or similar device) and some technical knowledge to intercept the signal. It’s not as simple as just ‘hacking’, but it’s a real threat, particularly in public places.

Mitigation Steps

1. Pairing & Encryption: Ensure your keyboard uses strong pairing methods and encryption.
   • Bluetooth: When pairing, choose the most secure option available. Modern Bluetooth versions (5.0+) are generally more secure than older ones.
   • RF Keyboards: These are harder to secure. Consider replacing them with Bluetooth keyboards if possible.
2. Keep Devices Close: The further away the keyboard is from your device, the weaker the signal and potentially easier it is for someone to intercept.
   • Ideally, keep the keyboard within a few feet of the computer/phone.
3. Regularly Check Paired Devices: Remove any old or unused Bluetooth devices from your device’s list.
   • Windows: Go to Settings > Devices > Bluetooth & other devices, and remove unwanted pairings.
   • macOS: Go to System Preferences > Bluetooth, right-click on the keyboard and select ‘Remove’.
   • Android: Go to Settings > Connections > Bluetooth, tap the settings icon next to your paired keyboard and choose ‘Unpair’.
4. Use a Password Manager: This is *crucially* important. If someone intercepts your keystrokes, they won’t get access to your actual passwords if you use a password manager.
   • Password managers generate and store complex passwords for each site/service.
5. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Adds an extra layer of security, even if someone gets your password.
   • Use authenticator apps or hardware keys whenever possible.
6. Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Be cautious when using a wireless keyboard in public places (cafes, airports).
   • Consider using the on-screen keyboard instead if you’re concerned about eavesdropping.
7. Update Firmware: Check for firmware updates for both your keyboard and your device’s Bluetooth drivers.
   • Manufacturers often release updates to fix security vulnerabilities.
8. (Advanced) Monitor Bluetooth Traffic (for tech-savvy users): Tools like Wireshark can be used to monitor Bluetooth traffic, but require significant technical expertise.

   sudo apt install wireshark

   This is not a beginner step and requires understanding of network protocols.

RF Keyboard Specific Considerations

If you absolutely must use an RF keyboard, consider these points:

• Change Batteries Regularly: A weaker battery signal can make interception easier.
• Avoid Generic Brands: Reputable brands often have better (though still limited) security features.